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Module 4_ DMA Design & Monitoring_Night Flow&MNF

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1. What is the best way to select the Minimum Night Flow (MNF) value for analysis?
Use a repeatable stable low-flow window with clean data and stable pressure. Use the single lowest point recorded during any night. Use the highest daytime flow to avoid missing demand.
2. Why should an MNF baseline be segmented by day type and season?
Because legitimate night demand changes between weekdays, weekends, holidays, and seasons. Because every DMA must use a different flow unit. Because segmentation removes the need to check pressure and meter quality.
3. Which calculation best represents the unexplained night-flow leakage indicator?
Measured net MNF minus legitimate night consumption and known transfers or operations. Measured net MNF multiplied by 24. Measured net MNF plus legitimate night consumption and exports.
4. Before comparing MNF values from two different nights, what must the analyst confirm?
Pressure, boundary status, and operating conditions are comparable. The two nights have exactly the same total daytime demand. The lowest individual reading is identical on both nights.
5. Four comparable nights show a persistent MNF rise, data QA passes, pressure is stable, and no legitimate use or operation explains it. What is the appropriate next action?
Start a targeted field investigation using the available evidence and suspected search corridor. Declare the full MNF increase as confirmed leakage and schedule repair immediately. Ignore the rise until it exceeds one universal threshold for all DMAs.